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A Review Paper on Study of Mote Technology: Smart Dust
Diksha Chawla ; Deepak Kumar
Pages: 1 - 2
Smart Dust is a tiny dust size device which has a lot of extra-ordinary capabilities. Smart Dust combines features like sensing, wireless communication capabilities, computing and autonomous power supply within volume of only few millimeters and at low cost. These devices are proposed to be very small and light in weight. Individual sensors in smart dust are often referred to as motes because of their tiny dust size. These devices are also known as MEMS, which stands for micro electro-mechanical sensors. Soon we all see Smart Dust used in varied application in all spans of life.
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A Review Paper on Li-Fi Technology
Kratika Khandelwal ; Sandeep Kumar Jain
Pages: 3 - 6
If you are using wireless internet in a coffee shop, stealing it from the guy next door, or competing for bandwidth at a conference, you might get frustrated at the slow speeds you face when more than one device is connected to the network. To solve this issue, a German Physicist- Harald Haas has introduced a new technology known as“data through illumination†which means transmission of data through LED lights which vary in intensities faster than the human eye can follow. According to him, this technology is based on the intensity and potential of the light emitting diode. This paper draws its attention on construction and working of Li- Fi based system and compares its performance with the existing wireless network technologies.
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A Review Paper on "5G Wifi AC Technology"
Arpit Tripathi ; Prof. Sanjiv Kumar
Pages: 7 - 8
802.11ac, the upcoming standard from the IEEE, is like the film The Godfather Part II. It makes it even better. 802.11ac is a very fast and highly scalable version of 802.11n. It contains the freedom of wireless with the powers of Gigabit Ethernet. Wireless LOCAL AREA NETWORK sites will see drastic improvements in the number of users supported by a single access point , a flawless experience for each user, and more bandwidth available for a higher number of parallel video streaming. Even when the network is not fully crowded, users see a benefit, that their file downloads and email synchronization happen at low lag gigabit speeds. Also, system battery life is increased, since the system’s Wi-Fi connection can wake up, receive and transmit data with its access protocol, and then get back to dozing much more quickly. 802.11ac achieves its raw speed increased by insisting on three different parameter. More channel bonding, hiked from a max. limit of 40 Megahertz with 802.11n up to 80 or even 160 Megahertz (for speed hikes of 117 or 333 percent, respectively). Denser modulation now uses 256 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), up from 64 QAM in 802.11n (for a 33% speed burst at shorter, yet still usable, ranges). There are some substantial differences between 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz and what you can do with them. As we know, the 2.4Ghz wireless band is a very congested place because it’s much used by most wireless devices beyond laptops, phones, and tablets. The lower-end wireless spectrum is also used by other devices like cordless phones, garage door openers, baby monitors, and much more. By contrast, the 5 GHz band is more ideally suited for data devices such as your laptop, phone, or tablet because it can transmit higher amounts of data, and it’s naturally less congested. 5 GHz does have a downside in that it is less able to penetrate solid walls and objects, so if you go outside your house to use your phone, your connection might drop.
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A Review Paper on Li-Fi
Ishika Meena ; Deepak Kumar
Pages: 9 - 11
Li-Fi stands for Light-Fidelity. Li-Fi technology, proposed by the German physicist—Harald Haas, provides transmission of data through illumination by sending data from an LED light bulb that varies in intensity faster than the human eye can track. This paper focuses on developing a Li-Fi based system and analyzes its performance with respect to existing technology. Wi-Fi is for general wireless coverage within buildings, whereas Li-Fi is ideal for high density wireless data coverage in small area and for relieving radio interference issues. Li-Fi provides better bandwidth, efficiency, availability and security more than Wi-Fi and has already achieved blisteringly high speed in the lab.
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A Review Paper on Light-Fidelity (Li-Fi)
Ashish Parnami ; Prof. Sanjiv Kumar
Pages: 12 - 13
Li-Fi that is light fidelity is one of the future technologies in wireless communication sector. It is a bidirectional, with a very high speed and is a fully networked communication which is wireless technology similar to Wi-Fi. It was developed by the German Physicist Harald Hass who has come up with an idea of sending and receiving data through LED (Light Emitting Diode) light bulb that varies the intensity faster than the human eye. According to Hass, one can use this technology in mobile phones, tablets & laptops and it would be highly secured that is if you can’t see the light that you can’t access the data. It uses light instead of radio waves to transmit information. Instead of Wi-Fi Modems, LI-Fi uses transceiver which has fitted led lamps which can glow a room as well as send and receive information. It is 100 times faster than Wi-Fi reaching at a speed of 224 gigabits per second.
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A Review Paper on “Transparent Electronicsâ€
Bhawana Pareek ; Deepak Kumar
Pages: 14 - 16
Transparent electronics, an emerging science and technology field concentrates on producing ‘invisible’ electronic circuit. The application that contains consumer electronics such as automobile windshield, transparent display and real time display. In conventional Si / III-V based electronics, the structure depends upon the semiconductor junction & the transistor. The basic building material for transparent electronic devices is that it should be transparent and in visible range which offers a true challenge! Therefore to interpret and implement such technology we have two scientific goals, having a materials which are optically crystalline and electrically conductive and to prepare an invisible circuitry. Formation of such invisible transparent electronic devices needs expertise together from pure and applied science, chemistry, physics and electronic science.
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Review Paper on Fractal Antenna Engineering
Ajeet Kumar ; Gaurav Kumar
Pages: 17 - 21
Antenna has a significant part inside Wi-Fi Conversation Method. The requirement for WCS has been increasing whilst it is dimensions will be decreasing. The essential needs connected with antenna utilized in instant communication technique are usually dimensions reduction, numerous volume features, high acquire, wide-band, reduction in return-loss, Omni-directional the radiation pattern, reduction incest. Within these papers, the two fractal antenna geometries are usually explained. They are Little Koch Fractal Geometry, ternary fractal pine geometry for WLAN purposes. The label fractal by itself implies discontinues cracked shapes along with self-similarity inside it is fractal shapes. The proficiency connected with room filling connected with many fractal shapes facilitates inside reduction connected with dimensions. When the antenna dimensions will be lowered more than this running wavelength the idea gets extremely dysfunctional. Each pointed out antennas are usually simulated using Electro-magnetic simulator to study this effectiveness variables in connection with dimensions reduction. Subsequently, the newest new pine formed fractal antenna my partner and i. at the. Ternary fractal pine geometry will be explained using oblong and triangular plot for you to get over this limit connected with go back cutbacks. The pine positioned on the large completing terrain jet obtaining 1st time consists of bad corresponding house connected with resonant volume.
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A Review paper on Performance of Cellonics
JeenatBano ; Jai Prakash Mishra
Pages: 22 - 24
This paper discusses the present communication technology of Cellonics. Cellonics Technologies is going to be new life to connection devices which let modem rate 1, 000 periods more rapidly than our found modem. It will be based upon the way biological cell phone material communicates jointly along with nonlinear dynamical approach (NDS). Nonlinear dynamical system (NDS) is going to be mathematical formulations required in order to simulate the cell replies and were utilized in building considering that the practice is nonlinear. In current technology ASCII uses a mixture of ones and zeros showing off a single page involving alphabet. Then the data sent over frequency cycle in order to its destination where it is actually then decoded. The original technology similarly utilizes carrier signals as being a reference which uses a lot of wave cycles before a fresh decoder can determine this specific bit value, whether the bit is really a one or maybe the zero, in order to translate that right somebody character. Telecommunication companies will clearly advantages from incredible rate, simplicity and robustness in this particular new technology.
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A Review Paper on Applications of RF MEMS Switches in Radar System
Aishwarya Upadhyay ; Kausar Ali
Pages: 25 - 26
Radio frequency is the most basic used technique for wireless communication. These are electromagnetic waves that are generated for the transmission and reception of data. This radio frequency fall in the frequency range of 3 MHz to 3 GHz. The RF generally uses electrical rather than mechanical oscillations but, there also exist the RF mechanical systems. One of these systems is the RF MEMS switches. A RF MEMS or radio frequency microelectromechanical system is a microelectronic component that comprises of very small sub –millimeter size particles which provide radio frequency for operation and working of the component. This technology is bound to reduce the weight, cost, size and durability of the components. The main MEMS devices for prevailing RF architectures are switches in radar systems and as filter in communication systems. Here below in the paper we will discuss about the use of RF mems switches in radar system. In coming generation we would need a technology with increased functionality and better performance of system. Therefore to meet the expectations of the new generation satellites and communication processes and to maximize data and minimize the operation cost it would be preferred to move to higher frequencies. This circuit minimization and higher frequency could be achieved by using RF MEMS switch.
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A Review Paper on Satellite Phones
Aishwarya Saraswat ; Sanjiv Kumar
Pages: 27 - 29
A satellite phone commonly known as sat phone is a type of mobile phone which connects orbiting satellites rather than connecting terrestrial cell sites. They provide functionality such as voice call, short messaging service and low bandwidth internet access are commonly supported by various systems. At present exiting satellite phone is used in places where mobile phone or landline can’t work therefore we use satellite phones which is used to connect to the world satellite and it does not require mobile towers to connect through others, it directly connected with the satellite. Satellite can be used anywhere in the world. Satellite phone services uses advanced technology to deliver services same way delivered by phone around the world. Satellite phones nowadays are becoming very popular communication sector. SATPHONE are used in areas where network access fails or no communication system is placed. Using a sat phone we can connect to whole world from the area where no communication is possible due to absence of traditional communication system.
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A Review Paper on Telecommunication and Telemetry using OFC
Apeksha Mathur ; Prof. Sanjiv Kumar
Pages: 30 - 32
In the contemporary world the modern culture is hugely dependent upon electronics and communication. In the gigabits and above gigabits transmission of data, the fiber optic communication is the perfect choice. This type of communication is used to transmit image, audio, video, telemetry and data over large distances and LAN or computer networks. OFC uses light pulse technology to transmit the information or data over a fiber by changing electrical pulses into light. Some exceptional features of this type of communication are larger bandwidth, longer transmission area, small attenuation, and small size, less weight, secure transmission make this system a major building block or element in any communication infrastructure. Telemetry is a process of automation by which measurements are made and data is collected at remote or at distant points which are inaccessible points transmitted to receiving equipment for monitoring and giving further instructions. Both telemetry and telecommunication work hand in hand by gathering information from inaccessible remote devices and controlling the same devices by sending control actions remotely.
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A Review Paper on Self-driving car’s and its Applications
Ayush Patidar ; Prof. Sanjiv Kumar
Pages: 33 - 35
In the near future 2020 Google X plans to launch a product called Google car, which is a fully automatic car with no steering wheel or pedals and it operates with the help of a Smartphone. The project team of Google had used a varied range of vehicles to develop the Algorithm for the driverless car. The project was led by Sebastian Thrun (Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and co-inventor of Google Street view) and 15 other developers at Google. In the starting stages the project was kept a top secret and all the testing and development of the Google car was done at the Headquarters of Google. In 2012 the world was first introduced to the concept of Driverless cars when Google started the road testing of their various range of prototype cars on the streets of America. A special series of laws called ‘robotic car law’ has been passed in the various states of America to allow the operation of the prototypes of these Google cars on public roads.
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A Review Paper on Sixth Sense Technology and its Application
Yash Jain ; Kausar Ali
Pages: 36 - 39
Sixth Sense technology is Next generation wearable technology that gives user a virtual digital world of World Wide Web around him. The technology uses hand Gesture that enable him to connect with physical world. It’s a Neck pendant device that uses two basic components: An image projector and a camera. This wearable technology works with hand recognition gesture technology and digitally process the image fed by camera and display relevant information. The sixth sense technology is natively derived from the basic five sense of human being that are mainly taste , touch, hearing,vision .fragrance.
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A Review Paper on Nano Technology
Chetan Prakash Maru ; Prof. Sanjiv Kumar
Pages: 40 - 42
Nanotechnology is the branch engineering at the molecular scale. Nano-technology covers both current work and concepts that are more advanced. Nano-technology is sometimes referring to as a general-purpose technology. Nano-technology will offer better built and design, cleaner, safer, and smarter products for the home and industries, for communications, for medicine, for transportation, for agriculture in general. A better description of nanotechnology was given by the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI); it defines nano-technology as the manipulation of matter with dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. This definition of NNI define the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological to a research category including all types of research and technologies which deals with the special properties of matter. Nano-technology is therefore see the plural form of the "nanotechnologies" as well as "nanoscale technologies" to define the broad range of research, development and applications whose common attribute is size. Due the variety of potential applications (industrial, military, home, communication, agriculture), governments have invested billions of dollars in nano-technology research.
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A REVIEW PAPER ON DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE- INTRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGY
Sumit Sihag ; Mr. Kausar Ali
Pages: 43 - 44
Digital subscriber line (DSL-originally digital subscriber loop) is a family of technologies that are used to send digital data over telephone lines. In telecommunications marketing, the term DSL is widely understood to mean asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL), the most specific installed DSL technology, for Internet access. DSL service can be transferred simultaneously with wired telephone service on the same telephone line. This is possible because DSL uses higher frequency bands for data. The data rate of consumer DSL services typically ranges from 256 kbit/s to over 100 Mbit/s in the direction to the user (downstream), depending on DSL technology, line conditions, and service-level implementation.
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A REVIEW PAPER ON RADAR SYSTEM
Avinash Singh Yadav ; Prof. Sanjiv Kumar
Pages: 45 - 47
Radar is a system that uses radio waves to determine the range, angle, or velocity of objects. It is object detection technique. It is used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain. Radar transmitter transmits radio waves or microwaves that reflect from any object in their path. A receive radar, which is a same system as the transmit radar, receives and processes these reflected waves to determine properties of the objects. Radar technology was developed by several nations during World War II. The term radar has since entered English and as a common noun, losing all capitalization. The modern uses of radar are highly diverse, including air and traffic control, radar astronomy, air-defense systems, antimissile systems; marine radars to locate other ships aircraft and meteorological precipitation monitoring, flight control systems, guided missile target locating systems and range-controlled radar. High technology radar systems are associated with digital signal processing and machine learning.
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A Review Paper on Femtocell Technology
Keerti Nair ; Mohit Kumar; Kausar Ali
Pages: 48 - 51
As nowadays there has been increasing use of wireless communication networks due to which the researchers have found a different type of technology called the Femtocells. Femtocell are reduced scale (range of 10^15, Picochip) cellular access points which are mainly for indoor use. Femtocells are mini base stations that are used directly in homes by the user so that they can directly connect to the cellular network through the femtocell instead of the any other macro cell, which increases call quality. Femtocells reduce the load on macro cell networks by introducing IP as a backhaul for voice and data. The application of femtocells has provided good quality service and high performance network gains. However, femtocells had several challenges of interference which effects the capacity and quality of network. But to cope up with these challenges, We have management techniques which include interference cancellation and interference Avoidance.
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A REVIEW PAPER ON Gi-Fi TECHNOLOGY
Divya Jain ; Sandeep Kumar Jain
Pages: 52 - 56
Gi-Fi will really helps to push wireless communications to faster drive. For ages cables ruled the globe. Optical fibers played a dominant role due to the higher bit rates and also faster transmission. The foremost of the is Bluetooth which could cover 9-10mts. Wi-Fi followed it having coverage section of 91mts.Gi-Fi. Gi-Fi or Gigabit Wireless commit be the world’s first transceiver integrated about the same chip that operates at 60GHz about the CMOS process. It will permit wireless transfer of audio and video disclosure up to 5gigabits per instant, ten times the latest ceiling wireless transfer urge, at one-tenth of the fee, usually within a selection of 10 meters. It utilizes a 5mm square chip as well as a 1mm wide antenna burning under 2watts of power to transmit data wirelessly around short distances, much including Bluetooth. The development will permit the truly wireless office and home into the future. As the integrated transceiver is extremely small, it can become embedded into devices. The breakthrough will mean the networking of office and equipment without wires will finally be a reality. In this we present an inexpensive, low power and excessive broadband motherboard, which will be noteworthy in enabling the digital economy directed toward the future.
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A REVIEW PAPER ON BER TECHNIQUE IN ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING
Hemant Kumar Sharma ; Kapil Sahu
Pages: 57 - 60
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is constantly a multi-carrier modulation campaign and that is absolutely much popular far and wide new transmission networks involving IEEE human, digital Tv fit, audio media and 4G cell. The main benefit involving OFDM over single-carrier systems is its ability to face severe channel conditions without complex equalization filters. It has improved the products long-distance communication by reducing InterSymbol Interference (ISI) in addition to improving Signal-to-Noise ratio (SNR). The leading drawbacks of OFDM are usually its high peak to be able to average power ratio and its sensitivity to phase disturbance and frequency offset. This paper gives a synopsis of OFDM, its applications in a variety of systems such as IEEE 802. 11a, Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) in addition to Digital Broadcast Services to be able to Handheld Devices (DVB-H) along with its advantages and drawbacks.
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A REVIEW PAPER ON NANOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS AND CONCEPTS
Kratika Rawat ; Sarita Boolchandani
Pages: 61 - 62
This specific paper will discuss your Nanotechnology ideas alongside applications. Nanotechnology would be the all interesting discretion in Physics, Chemistry, Anatomist and in addition Biology. The item exhibits astonishing advancement our project connected to plan and style increment inside the wide range connected to the product bundle. Nanotechnology is generally propelled on the genuine usual meaning that can molecules underneath the length of 100 nanometers expound on for us to nanostructures created from their site crisp new variables and in addition conduct. Interest size of nanotechnology is regularly interdisciplinary, concealing a lot of subjects or formats starting from your Chemistry with the catalysis connected to nanoparticles, on the Physics with the quantum dept. of travel laser light.
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Review Paper On ULTRA CAPACITOR
Manikant Kumar ; Jai Prakash Mishra
Pages: 63 - 65
an additional invention, the Super capacitor, has evolved while using opportunity in order to empower considerable improvements in vigor stockpiling. It's capacitance value is quite a bit more than the other capacitors. Super capacitor commonly merchants 10 in order to 15 occasions far more power compared to usual capacitor. Super capacitors tend to be represented through the very same essential statistical statements while customary capacitors, yet use higher surface area terminals and much more thin dielectrics. They have a unique power of agreeing to along with delivering charges on considerably faster rate compared to battery power. Subsequently, Super capacitors might become a fascinating drive arrangement for a widening volume of uses. That small describe specializes in the different types of Super capacitors, the top quantitative showing territories, and also the luck of Super capacitor impressive perform.
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ANALOGY BETWEEN TRI-GATE TRANSISTOR & PLANNAR TRANSISTOR
Shaikh Ravish ; Sandeep Kumar Jain
Pages: 66 - 69
Transistors are well known solid state device, invented in 1948 by John Bardeen and his team at Bell Laboratory which almost replaced the electron tubes. These transistors are current controlled devices which are capable of amplification. A Tri-Gate Transistor is a 3-D transistor with gate wraps around the channel from source to drain, as to the traditional 2-d planar design. Tri-entryway transistor assumes a basic part in vitality effective execution abilities since they offer impressively bring down leakage and expend substantially less power than today's planar transistors. A Tri-Gate transistor creation is determinedly used by Intel Corporation for the nonplanar transistor designing in Ivy Bridge and Haswell processors. This leap forward by Intel Corporation intensifies the upside of multi-door transistor with low viewpoint proportion channel. The paper clarifies relationship between different transistor to Tri-Gate Transistor.
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Wireless Sensor Network and its Applications
Sushmita Matted ; Sarita Boolchandani
Pages: 70 - 72
Cell sensor frameworks are another style of organized offices, seen as a fundamentally limited computational notwithstanding control sources. Cell sensor frameworks (WSNs) make it workable for new applications notwithstanding include non-built up ideal models relating to convention style because of various restrictions. Whenever remote sensor netting have a tendency to be begun inside of an unsafe scene, security gets critical, pretty much the same number of individuals are slanted to novel conditions associated with ruinous savagery. Referable for the normal asset limits associated with sensor hubs, existing framework security systems, for example, those detailed relating to Cellular Ad-Hoc Communities, are not appropriate for remote sensor netting. Being a fundamental issue security inside of remote sensor frameworks has interested a great deal of thought inside the most recent season. A prize associated with remote basic administering strategies will be that they're minimal effort to setup since concentrated electrical hardware is no augmented required including gadgets in addition to the data purchase arrangement. This particular record created some kind of thoroughgoing assessment in the fundamental security worries notwithstanding uncovered your steady likelihood associated with more improvement to fashioners inside of their battle to put without hesitation a standout amongst the most cost productive notwithstanding perfect skill of making certain their specific framework. We work with genuine proposals taken from our own one of a kind capacity here to demonstrate your mind boggling inconveniences notwithstanding inconveniences which may be involved inside of meet end-client needs relating to data get together offices. Constancy notwithstanding efficiency are the vital stresses notwithstanding affect the look substitute choices relating to technique equipment notwithstanding programming bundle. We in close vicinity which has a level headed discussion associated with long haul inconveniences relating to WSN innovations inside of environment regulating notwithstanding set up together the inventive and judicious vision in the great beyond.
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A Review Paper on ATM Security using Dye Staining Technology
Sourabh Gupta ; Kausar Ali
Pages: 73 - 74
Automated Teller Machine was firstly used in 1939. And now there are more than 3 million worldwide, and the issue of security of ATM should always be considered. There is a continuously increasing Rate of use of ATM, and also the risk of hacking, breaking and stealing of them. And in the present time as the technology is so advanced as every software or program can be hacked in just few minutes, so a need of almost unique solution is found and dye straining is one of them. This is a revolutionary idea in this the notes are marked by a marking ink which is sprayed automatically by the security system automatically when the balance of ATM machine is slightly changed (which will definitely happen when someone will try to cut it or damage it). Due to growth of ATM thefts, we should take certain steps to use Dye Staining technology in order to foil the bank robberies.
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3D PRINTING-INTRODUCTION AND ALGORATHIM
Vinay Prakash ; Mr. Kausar Ali
Pages: 75 - 76
The study is on add-on manufacturing, also known as 3-D printing. Additive manufacturing is different from traditional manufacturing that shape products through milling, grinding etc. Instead, with additive manufacturing, layers are added to a product. This permits for three dimensional manufacturing and limited scrap. Supplement manufacturing has been seen as a disruptive innovation for society because it allows consumers to manufacture their own products. In this paper, an overview will be shown on the status of additive manufacturing. This includes the consumer point of view as well as the manufacturing point of view. For example, the consumer perspective has intellectual property protection is major is problem. The running status of 3Dprinters will be provided together with an analysis of the main producers like Makerbot and Ultimaker (consumer markets) and Stratasys and 3D Systems (industrial markets), their models and their current capabilities and overall adoption. It is finalized that additive manufacturing is experiencing high growth but that, in specific for industrial applications. It is not yet competitive with traditional manufacturing systems.
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A Review paper on Transparent Electronics (Applications & Future)
Sunita ; Mr. Kausar Ali
Pages: 77 - 79
This paper introduces a new trend of revolutionary technology called as “Transparent Electronicsâ€, which is an emerging science and technology field mainly focusing on producing ‘invisible’ electronic circuitry and opto-electronic devices. The paper informs about the improved techniques of navigation display in military and armed forces using transparent electronics. This proposed system thus uses flexible AMOLEDs which gives high information content full color display.
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A Review paper on operating systems in mobile
Ankit Mathur ; Prof. Sanjiv Kumar
Pages: 80 - 82
Benjamin Franklin said that the achievement, improvement and success have no meaning without continual growth and progress. Mobile industries seem to follow this quote very well. A continuous growth and progress have become motto of these industries. Every day new technologies are being developed to mark the continuous growth of industry. New features and easy to use interface are being provided to their customers by companies. But perfection comes with time. This paper explains various features with advantages and lacking of major mobile operating systems like iOS, Android and Symbian. With the analysis, I have found that now days, new operating systems are at a boom than symbian due to new technology and features, while iOS has still been able to conserve its market share with frequent updations.
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ATM Security using Dye Staining Technology
Jyoti Yadav ; Mr. Mohit Sharma
Pages: 83 - 84
Automated Teller Machine was firstly used in 1939. And now there are more than 3 million worldwide, and the issue of security of ATM should always be considered. There is a continuously increasing Rate of use of ATM, and also the risk of hacking, breaking and stealing of them. And in the present time as the technology is so advanced as every software or program can be hacked in just few minutes, so a need of almost unique solution is found and dye straining is one of them. This is a revolutionary idea in this the notes are marked by a marking ink which is sprayed automatically by the security system automatically when the balance of ATM machine is slightly changed (which will definitely happen when someone will try to cut it or damage it). Due to growth of ATM thefts, we should take certain steps to use Dye Staining technology in order to foil the bank robberies.
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A Review Paper on Li-Fi Technology
Rahul Rehan ; Kausar Ali
Pages: 85 - 87
Now days the whole world is using internet to accomplish their task through wired or wireless network. When the number of users are increase using wireless network, the speed of network get decreases. Though Wi-Fi gives us speed up to 150mbps as per IEEE 802.11, which is not sufficient to welcomes number of desired users. To remedy this limitation of Wi-Fi, the new concept is introduced, Li-Fi technology. Li-Fi stands for the Light Fidelity. Li-Fi stands for Light-Fidelity. Li-Fi technology, suggested by the German physicist—Harald Haas, provides transmission of data through lighting by sending data from an LED light bulb that varies in intensity faster than the human eye can track. This paper focuses on developing a Li-Fi based system and check out its performance with respect to existing technology. Li-Fi is the one which provides better bandwidth, efficiency, better availability and security more than Wi-Fi and has already achieved blisteringly high speed in the lab.
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A REVIEW PAPER ON GSM SECURITY AND ENCRYPTION
Nikita Sharma ; Manish Yadav
Pages: 88 - 90
GSM would be the identity of the standardization party established with 1982 to produce a typical American mobile mobile phone normal that would come up with specs for a pan-European mobile cell radio stations technique managing with nine hundred MHz. It is estimated that quite a few nations around the world over and above The European Union may subscribe to the actual GSM partnership. Cell is probably the most effective increasing and lot stressful telecom applications. Throughout the progression involving cell telecom, a variety of techniques happen to be produced with no the benefit of standardized specs. This introduced quite a few issues directly linked to compatibility, in particular with the progress involving electronic digital radio stations technological innovation. The GSM normal is supposed to address most of these issues. The GSM features encountered slow changes that leaded to several variations like GSM1800, HSCSD (High Pace Enterprise Switched Data), ADVANTAGE (Enhanced Information prices pertaining to GSM Evolution), as well as GPRS (General Supply Radio stations Service). The GSM changes are generally continued to help 3G techniques like UMTS. It can be presumed how the GSM features quite a few inherent safety faults and many involving it is safety faults are generally tackled in the upper years like UMTS. However, quite a few staff in particular in the building nations around the world remains while using standard GSM multilevel that succumbs to several safety faults.
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E Paper Technology
Shubham ; Manish Yadav
Pages: 91 - 93
Digital paper got its start in the particular seventies by means of Xerox. Inside the nineties the particular principle of electronically crammed balls switching under influence of tension and thus showing either Black or white aspect was increased by Frederick Jacobson. They developed microcapsules, filled up with electronically crammed white parts that have been dissolved within dark coloured essential oil. In 1997, Jacobson founded the business E-ink to build up the technology commercially (Endless Suggestions BV, 2010) inside the 1970s.Electronic paper(E-paper) is really a portable. Reusable storage devices and present medium that appears like paper but can be repeatedly composed on (refreshed) by means of electronic means, thousands or a lot of times. E-paper is going to be used for applications including e-books, technology newspaper, portable signs, & collapsible, reliable displays. Information to become displays is usually downloaded by having a connection into a computer or even a cell phone, or made up of mechanical tools including an digital “pencilâ€. The digital paper present is reflective & can be easily read in bright sunlight or candle lit environments while having the ability to be viewed at virtually any angle much like paper. Its black colour & bright ink-on-paper seem gives an appearance comparable to that of the very widely read material on earth newspaper. The distinctive technology leads to a sleek and stylish & light-weight from factor and can be suited to highly portable applications. This subjective aims in order to throw light about the different technical approaches working on the complete recognition of E-paper strategy.
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Abstract
