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Investigation of Recast Layer Formed on Titanium Alloy Machined by Wire Electric Discharge Machining
Waseem Feroze ; Prof. V. R. Srinivasan; Dr. C. P. S. Prakash
Mechanical Engineering
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 246 - 251
Wire-cut electric discharge machining (WEDM) is one of the most emerging non-conventional manufacturing process for machining hard materials and intricate shapes which are difficult or not possible to machine with conventional machining methods. Parameters considered for this study are Pulse ON time, Pulse OFF time and Bed Speed which affects the formation of Recast layer. The formation of the recast layer and its thickness are investigated by using Optical Microscope or Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
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Spot Welding of Dissimilar Materials and to Study the Weld Strength, Parameters Affecting on It
Shweta V T ; Prof. Aruna Devi; Dr. C. P. S. Prakash
Mechanical Engineering
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 252 - 256
The objective of this study is to study the effect of parameters, such as electrode force, welding current and welding cycles on the weld strength of the weld joint between two dissimilar materials, i.e., Mild steel (ms6240) and stainless steel (ss304). In the present study the electrode force is kept constant i.e., 6KN.A welding current of 1, 1.5 and 2KA, and cycle time of 40, 50 & 60 are used for the weld joint. The specimen is subjected to shear test according to ASME BPVC IX-2015, QW-196.2.1. It is inferred from the results that the weld shear strength of the spot weld joint is increased with the increased welding current and increased welding cycles.
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BMD Related Torsional Strength of Human Femur Bone
Shrikant A. Borkar ; Subim N. Khan
Mechanical Engineering Design
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 257 - 263
Radio density of bone is measured in Hounsfield unit (HU) by a technique computed tomography, whereas bone mineral density (BMD) is measured by Dual-Energy X-ray Absortiometry. (DEXA) scan aimed at finding correlation between BMD and HU of human bones for their Torsional strength evaluation. In the paper femur bone undergoing both DEXA scan and CT-scan imaging were evaluated to determine if strength correlated with BMD and T-score. As value of BMD increases, the value of Z-score T- scores decreases and we get best method to find out BMD by error analysis between CT scan and DEXA. Aiming to find Torsional strength of human femur bone, test is carried out with the help of setup having rectangular frame work in which bone is hold by the clamp which is rotated by hydraulic motor.
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Structural Health Monitoring using Smart Material and Smart System
Manjeet Singh
Civil Engineering
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 277 - 290
There is a phenomenal rise in construction activities in the field of civil engineering in the recent years. Major structures like building, bridges, dams, are subjected to severe loading and their performance is likely to change with time. It is therefore, necessary to check the performance of a structure through continuous monitoring. If performance deviates from the design parameter, appropriate maintenance is required. The life of the structure depends on initial strength and the post construction maintenance. It is for this reason that the necessity of structural health monitoring (SHM) is emphasized worldwide. A technique is required for structural health monitoring (SHM), which should carry out continuous monitoring of structure, as well as sensitive and cost effective. These Unique properties of direct and converse piezoelectric effects enable piezo electrio-ceramic (pzt) patch to act both as anactuator and as a sensor simultaneously. Making use of the sensing capability the of PZT patch, conductance signature of the structure can be obtained against which health monitoring of the structure can be done. Signature of the structure in healthy state is called the base line signature. It is compared with signature obtained after a time lapse, which is called secondary state conductance signature. The characteristic feature of the EMI technique is that it activates higher frequency modes of the structure.
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Content-Based Image Retrieval using Feature Extraction and K-Means Clustering
Geethu Varghese ; Dr. Arun Kumar M N
Computer Science and Engineering
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 291 - 302
There are many methods to retrieve an image from an amassment of images in the database in order to meet users demand with image content kindred attribute, edge pattern homogeneous attribute, color homogeneous attribute, etc. An image retrieval system offers an efficient way to access or retrieve set of similar images by directly computing the image features from images by directly computing the image features from an image as reported by utilizing different kinds of techniques as well as algorithm. Content based image retrieval (CBIR) is most recently used technique for image retrieval from large image database. The reason behind content based image retrieval is to get perfect and fast result. There are many technique of CBIR utilized for image retrieval. A Block Truncation Coding technique is the famous method used for image retrieval. In the proposed system the advanced technique of BTC is used that is Ordered Dither Block Truncation Coding (ODBTC). ODBTC encoded data stream to construct the image features namely Color Co-occurrence and Bit Pattern features. After the extraction of this feature similarity distance is computed for retrieving a set of similar images. And to make the search more accurate K-means clustering method is used. The most similar images to the query image are selected and these features are being appended together and k-means clustering is applied. This method retrieves more similar images to the query image than the first search. The proposed scheme can be considered as very good in color image retrieval application. The process is implemented in a MATLAB 2014.
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Object Annotation using Fuzzy Object Shape Retrieval
Rotney Roy Meckamalil
Computer Science and Engineering
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 303 - 309
In the world of object recognition, much effort has to be put to predict the particular object correctly by using the classifiers. There are only fewer amounts of trained data. Thereby the recognition part will be not accurately predicted. In the proposed system, a new technique has been introduced to recognize and annotate the object based on the Fuzzy-Object-Shape. The database contains different of set of images (apple, orange, ball etc.), each one have plenty of images. A good annotation system is by obtaining the correctly predicted the class labels when the particular image is being selected. The shapes like circle, ellipse, square, rhombus, rectangle, cone, and cylinder are being used to extract the features from the entire images in the database. The process is implemented in a MATLAB 2014.
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Analysis of Strength on Concrete by using MKC & OPC
Shashikant Dewangan ; Nidhi Gupta
Civil Engineering
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 310 - 311
concrete is that pourable mix of cement, water, sand, and gravel that hardens into a super-strong building material. supplementary cementing materials (SCM) have become an integral part of concrete mix design. these may be naturally occurring materials, industrial wastes or, by products or the ones requiring less energy to manufacture. some of the commonly used SCM are fly ash, silica fume (SF), GGBS, rice husk ash and metakaolin (MK), etc. metakaolin is obtained by the calcination of kaolinite. it is being used very commonly as pozzolanic material and has exhibited considerable influence in enhancing the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. in this paper, experimental study was carried out on M 50 grade of concrete. in this concrete cement was replaced by metakolin. in various percentages such as 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% concrete specimens containing metakaolin were studied for their compressive strength.
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Experimental Investigation on Workability of Concrete with Partial Replacement of Cement by Ground Granulated Blast Furnace and Sand by Quarry Dust
Yogesh Soni ; Nidhi Gupta
Civil Engineering
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 312 - 316
Concrete is the most widely used construction material in civil engineering industry because of its high structural strength and stability. Cement and sand is a major constituent material of the concrete which produced by natural raw material like lime and silica and natural sand respectively. Once situation may occurs there will be no lime on earth production of cement also natural sand. This situation leads to think all people working in construction industry to do research work on cement replacing material and natural sand for use of it. The construction industry is constantly looking for supplementary cement and natural sand material with the objective of reducing the solid waste disposal problem. Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), quarry sand are the solid wastes generated by Industry. To overcome from this crisis, partial replacement of Cement with GGBS, natural sand with quarry sand (QS) can be an economic Alternative. The cubes are tested for compressive strengths. Ordinary Portland cement was partially replaced by GGBS of 0%, 30%, 40%, 50% and natural sand replacement by QS 0%, 40%, 50%, 60%.
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Design Analyze and Implement Wireless Sensor Network Performance using Energy Balance Routing Protocol
Gaurav S. Wagh ; Rajesh Bansode
Information Technology
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 317 - 322
The quick growths in the network multimedia equipment have allowed real-time digital services such as video conferencing, games and distance education to grow on the conventional internet tasks. The Wireless Senor Network (WSN) has become a major area of research in the computational theory due to its wide range of applications. WSN is an emerging technology which is made up of thousands of low cost and low battery powered sensor nodes which are highly distributed with sensing, processing and communication characteristics. The sensor nodes have a limited battery power, and the battery replacement is not easy for WSN with thousands of nodes which makes the lifetime of WSN crucial. Protocols such as LEACH, HEED, PEGASIS, TBC and PEDAP are proposed in order to overcome the problems faced by the WSN networks. The GSTEB protocol improves the lifetime by 100% as compared with HEED. In this research work, a novel tree based routing protocol is proposed which constructs a routing tree using a process for each round, Base Station BS selects a root node and informs this selection to remaining sensor nodes in its vicinity. Subsequently, each node selects its parents by considering information of itself and its neighbor’s information, thus making a dynamic protocol.
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An Efficient Approach for Detecting Exemplar Based Image Inpainting and Copy Move Forgery
Rinia Mary Varghese
Computer Science and Engineering
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 323 - 329
Today manipulation of digital images has become easy due to powerful computers, advanced photo-editing software packages and high resolution capturing devices. Verifying the integrity of images and detecting traces of tampering without requiring extra prior knowledge of the image content or any embedded watermarks is an important research field. Exemplar based inpainting and copy paste forgeries play visual tricks to deceive people and affect the authenticity of the images. The proposed method presents an efficient forgery detection algorithm for detecting the manipulation of images by exemplar inpainting and copy move forgery. The method shows an algorithm for object removal by exemplar-based image inpainting mechanism that restores the area of the removal object and the mechanism can be further employed to extract the back ground of images and it also detect the copy move forgery. Exemplar-based inpainting methods iteratively search the source region and fill the missing or damaged region, i.e., target region, with the most similar patch in the source region. The new method also shows a technique for detecting copy-move forgery over images tampered by copy-move. The proposed method integrates central pixel mapping (CPM), greatest zer connectivity component labeling (GZCL) and fragment splicing detection (FSD). CPM speeds up block search by efficiently matching those blocks with similar hash values and then finding the suspicious pairs. To improve the detection precision, GZCL is used to mark the tampered pixels in suspected block pairs. FSD is adopted t distinguish and locate tampered regions from its best-match regions. The algorithm can reduce the processing time and maintain a detection precision under different kinds of object-removed images. Detecting two forgeries by a single method makes it unique.
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Abstract
