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An Event Based Target Localization System for WSN's
Shitalrani Shrishailkumar ; Shilpa Patil
Electronics & Communication Engineering
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 330 - 337
Efficient target Localization in remote sensor systems is an intricate and testing errand. Numerous past suppositions for target localization are not legitimate for remote sensor systems. Restricted equipment assets, vitality protection and clamor interruption because of remote channel dispute and instrumentation commotion make new limitations on creators these days. In this work, an objective limitation framework for remote sensor systems in light of TDOA is exhibited. At the point when an occasion is identified, every sensor having a place with a gathering computes an estimation of the objective's area. A MAC convention for remote sensor systems i.e. Occasion Based–Medium Access Control (EB0MAC) is created, which0is altered for occasion based a framework that describes target limitation frameworks. Besides, EB-MAC gave a dependable correspondence stage where high channel conflict was brought down while keeping up high throughput.
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Survey on Background Modeling and Foreground Detection Methods
Nifi C Joy ; Dr. Prasad J. C.
Computer Science and Engineering
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 338 - 341
In Image Processing, a very trivial task is to detect the changes in the multiple images of the same scene of a real time instant. The task is not only trivial but also very indispensable as it brings into play a great number of diversified subject area applications such as, remote sensing, surveillance, medical diagnosis and treatment, security surveillance, and underwater sensing. This paper reviews the studies involved in background subtraction techniques. Object detection is basically the most important step in video analysis. There are various studies which are aimed at detecting the objects in video sequences. But due to fast illumination change in a visual surveillance system, many of them are not tolerant to dynamic background. There are various background subtraction algorithms for detection of moving objects, but many of them fail with slow-moving objects or in poor image qualities of videos and does not distinguish shadows from moving objects. The real time video surveillance models encompass the predictive and the foreground background modelling techniques.
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Texture Classification using Random Forest Classifier Based on Local Vector Quantization Pattern
Anumol Antony ; Dr. Arun Kumar M N
Computer Science and Engineering
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 342 - 351
The Nearest Neighbor (NN) Classifier is the fundamental and simplest algorithm used for classification. It has successfully been used in classification and pattern recognition applications, such as texture recognition. However, it has a disadvantage that it has lower predictive accuracy. In order to overcome these disadvantages, we propose a new classification method using random forest classification based on local vector quantization pattern (LVQP). In LVQP, different kinds of texture images are chosen to train a local pattern codebook, where each different structural pattern is described by a unique codeword index. Contrarily to the original LBP and its many variants, LVQP does not quantize each neighborhood pixel separately to 0/1, but aims at quantizing the whole difference vector between the central pixel and its neighborhood pixels. Since LVQP deals with the structural pattern as a whole, it has a high discriminability and is less sensitive to noise.
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A literature survey on Improving Fault Tolerance of Software Applications
S. Veera Pondy ; Dr. S. Gavaskar; Dr. A. Sumithra
Computer Application
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 352 - 356
Adding fault tolerance to any software application is becoming an issue of great significance, especially as these applications support critical parts of our everyday life in the modern “Information Societyâ€. By adding this, the burden of ad hoc fault tolerance programming is removed from the application developer; while at the same time average fault tolerance support taken at operating system level is avoided. Fault-tolerance is achieved by applying a set of analysis and design techniques to create systems with dramatically improved dependability. As new technologies are developed and new applications arise, new fault-tolerance approaches are also needed. In the early days of fault-tolerant computing, it was possible to craft specific hardware and software solutions from the ground up, but now chips contain complex, highly-integrated functions, and hardware and software must be crafted to meet a variety of standards to be economically viable. Thus a great deal of current research focuses on implementing fault tolerance using COTS (Commercial-Off-The-Shelf) technology. In this paper we present a survey on fault tolerance provided in variety of ways.
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Efficient Facial Expression Recognition System for Tilted Face Images
Nifi C Joy ; Dr. Prasad J. C.
Computer Engineering
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 357 - 366
Automatic facial expression recognition is still a hard research area with several challenges to meet. Efficient facial expression recognition system is developed to recognize the facial expressions even when the face is slightly tilted. Applications of facial expression recognition system include border security systems, forensics, virtual reality, computer games, robotics, machine vision, video conferencing, user profiling for customer satisfaction, broadcasting and web services. Initially the face localization is done using the viola jones face detector. The facial components are extracted if the facial components are properly detected and the features are extracted from the whole face if the facial components are not detected. The extracted facial features are represented by three features vectors: the Zernike moments, LBP features and DCT transform components. In order to reduce the dimensionality, a subset feature selection algorithm is used prior to training process. The paper presents a comparison between the PCA based method and Normalized mutual information selection method for reducing the dimensionality. The feature vectors are combined and reduced and then applied to SVM classifier for training process. Experiment results shows that the proposed methodology affirms a good performance in facial expression recognition.
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Fuzzy and Anti-Fuzzy Normal HX Subring of a HX Ring
N. Ramila Gandhi ; Dr. R. Muthuraj
MATHEMATICS
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 367 - 375
In this paper, we define the concept of a fuzzy and anti-fuzzy normal HX subring of a HX ring also discuss some related properties of it.
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Wear Rate Investigation of Aluminium Based Silicon Carbide Metal Matrix Composite Embedded with Copper
Mr. A. R. Dhatrak ; Dr. K. B. Kale
Mechanical Engineering Design
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 376 - 384
The applications of Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) are being increasing day by day in the aerospace, automobile and many more industries, because of their improved properties compared to uniform metals. Presently several grades of Aluminium Matrix Composites (AMCs) have been used in high-tech structural and practical applications including aerospace, defence, locomotive, and thermal management areas, as well as in sports and recreation. This trend has been recognized to their greater specific strength and specific stiffness, high temperature ability, lower coefficient of thermal expansion, better wear resistance, enhanced dimensional stability, and responsiveness to conventional metal forming techniques. This report is concerned with Aluminium Matrix Composites and more specifically on the Aluminium (Al) based Silicon Carbide (SiC) metal matrix composite Embedded with Copper. The main aim of this project is to check practicality of the Aluminium based Silicon Carbide metal matrix composite for passenger vehicle brake lining. Through this dissertation an attempt is made to test the tribological behavior of the Aluminium based Silicon Carbide metal matrix composite. The composite is made by powder metallurgy route followed by hot extrusion. Two composites are prepared for the testing, one is composite of Al and 25 percent SiC while other is composite of Al and 25 percent SiC embedded with 5 percent of Copper. The wear test is carried out for these composites both at ambient and elevated temperature by using pin on disc method. Pins are made of composite and tested against cast iron disc. The wear affecting parameters such as normal load, sliding speed and temperature are varied and tribological properties are observed. Also the results of the composite are compared with each other. The results reveals that the addition of silicon carbide and copper reduces wear of the composite.
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Increase Factor of Safety of Go-Kart Chassis during Front Impact Analysis
Abhijit Padhi ; Ansuman Joshi; Hitesh N; Rakesh C
Mechanical Engineering
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 385 - 390
This paper aims to increase the factor of safety of the Go-Kart chassis which is designed keeping in mind the rules imposed by Go – Kart Design Challenge 2015. Theoretical calculations are carried out which have been realized through several analyses. These result, coupled with appropriate research has been used to create a new chassis that possesses improved performance and safety. During front impact analysis, the chassis should meet the required factor of safety. In order to enhance factor of safety the computer aided design model was altered marginally such that it meets the safety requirements. An innovative method of design optimization has been discussed, without significant increase in the overall kerb weight of the chassis.
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Wear Mechanisms for Extruded AZ31B Magnesium Alloy Alloy during Dry Sliding Condition
S. Anbuselvan ; E.Ilanaganar
Manufacturing Engineering
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 391 - 397
In present work, the wear behaviour of extruded AZ31B magnesium alloy during dry sliding conditions has been investigated. The experiments were carried out using a pin-on-disc type wear apparatus against a steel disc counter face in an applied load range of 10-50 N, sliding velocity range of 0.1-0.9 m/sand at a constant sliding distance of 1000 m. The effect of applied load and sliding velocity on wear rate were analyzed. The wear surfaces were examined using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer to reveal wear features. Wear mechanisms were analyzed at different sliding conditions. They were abrasion, oxidation, delamination, plastic deformation and melting.
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Experimental Study on Engineering Performance of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Made from Crushed Concrete
Utpal sharma ; Pratiksha Malviya; Praveen Singh Tomar; Vikash Kumar Singh
Civil Engineering
Year: 2016, Volume:3, Issue : 4
Pages: 398 - 403
Recycled Concrete aggregates (RCA) are comprised of crushed, graded inorganic particles processed from the materials are used in the constructions industry. The aim of this project is to determine the strength characteristics of recycled aggregates for application of structural concrete in high strength, which will give a better understanding on the properties of concrete with RAC, as an alternative material to coarse aggregate (NA) in structural concrete. The scope is this project is to determine and compare the strength of concrete by using different percentage of recycled concrete aggregates. Recycled aggregate is also the type of artificial aggregate which is obtained from (C&D) wastes i.e. Construction and demolition. Constructions and demolitions are processes that go hand in hand. In India the demolished building rubble generally goes to waste materials in landfills. Recycling of these concrete waste materials from demolition building can provide a solution to this problem. The investigation was carried out using Specific gravity test, sieve analysis test, Impact test, Water absorption test, Crushing value test, Workability test and compressive strength test. There are total six batches of concrete mixes, consisting of every 20% increment of recycled aggregate replacement, from 0% to 100%.
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Abstract
